1,3-Dichlorobenzene waa dareere aan midab lahayn oo leh ur daran.Aan ku milmin biyaha, ku milma khamriga iyo etherka.Sun ku ah jidhka bini'aadamka, xanaaqa indhaha iyo maqaarka.Waa guban kara waxayna mari kartaa chlorination, nitration, sulfonation, iyo falcelinta hydrolysis.Waxay si xoog leh uga falcelisaa aluminium waxaana loo isticmaalaa isku-dhafka dabiiciga ah.

1. Guryaha: dareere aan midab lahayn oo leh ur xun.
2. Barta dhalaalka (℃): -24.8
3. Barta karkarinta (℃): 173
4. Cufnaanta qaraabada (biyaha = 1): 1.29
5. Cufnaanta uumiga qaraabo (hawo=1): 5.08
6. Cadaadiska uumiga buuxa (kPa): 0.13 (12.1 ℃)
7. Kulaylka gubashada (kJ/mol): -2952.9
8. Heerkulka halista ah (℃): 415.3
9. Cadaadis halis ah (MPa): 4.86
10. Octanol/qaybaha qaybinta biyaha: 3.53
11. Dhibicda Flash (℃): 72
12. Heerkulka dabka (℃): 647
13. Xadka qaraxa sare (%): 7.8
14. Xadka qaraxa hoose (%): 1.8
15. Solubility: aan ku milmin biyaha, ku milma ethanol iyo ether, si fududna ugu milmi kara acetone.
16. Viscosity (mPa·s, 23.3ºC): 1.0450
17. Barta dabka (ºC): 648
18. Kulaylka uumiga (KJ/mol, bp): 38.64
19. Kulaylka samaynta (KJ/mol, 25ºC, dareere): 20.47
20. Kulaylka gubashada (KJ/mol, 25ºC, dareere): 2957.72
21. Awoodda kulaylka gaarka ah (KJ/(kg·K), 0ºC, dareere): 1.13
22. Solubility (%, biyaha, 20ºC): 0.0111
23. Cufnaanta qaraabada (25℃, 4℃): 1.2828
24. Heerkulka caadiga ah ee hoos u dhaca (n25): 1.5434
25. Halbeegga milanka (J·cm-3) 0.5: 19.574
26. Aagga Van der Waals (cm2 · mol-1): 8.220×109
27. Van der Waals mugga (cm3 · mol-1): 87.300
28. Heerka dareeraha heerka dareeraha wuxuu sheegaa kulayl (enthalpy) (kJ·mol-1): -20.7
29. Heerka dareeraha dhalaalka kulul ee heerka caadiga ah (J·mol-1·K-1): 170.9
30. Heerarka wajiga gaaska wuxuu sheegaa kulaylka (enthalpy) (kJ·mol-1): 25.7
31. Entropy caadiga ah ee wajiga gaaska (J·mol-1·K-1): 343.64
32. Heerka tamarta bilaashka ah ee samaynta wajiga gaaska (kJ·mol-1): 78.0
33. Wajiga gaaska heerka dhalaalka kulul (J·mol-1·K-1): 113.90

Habka kaydinta
Ka taxadar kaydinta [Ku kaydi bakhaar qabow oo hawo leh.Ka fogow dabka iyo ilaha kulaylka.Weelka si adag u xidh.Waa in si gooni ah loo kaydiyaa oksaydhiyeyaasha, aluminium, iyo kiimikooyinka la cuni karo, kana fogow kaydinta isku dhafan.Lagu qalabeeyay noocyada ku habboon iyo tirada qalabka dabka.Goobta wax lagu kaydiyo waa in lagu qalabeeyaa qalab daawaynta degdega ah ee daadsan iyo agab kayd oo ku haboon.

Xalli xalinta:

Habka diyaarinta waa sida soo socota.Isticmaalka chlorobenzene sida walxo ceeriin ah oo koloriin dheeri ah, p-dichlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene iyo m-dichlorobenzene ayaa la helay.Habka kala-soocidda guud waxay isticmaashaa dichlorobenzene isku dhafan si ay u nadiifiso joogtada ah.Para- iyo meta-dichlorobenzene ayaa laga soo miiro xagga sare ee munaaradda, p-dichlorobenzene waxaa soo daadaya baraf iyo crystallization, ka dibna khamriga hooyada waa la saxayaa si loo helo meta-dichlorobenzene.O-dichlorobenzene waxa ay si toos ah ugu daaran tahay munaaradda flash-ka si loo helo o-dichlorobenzene.Waqtigan xaadirka ah, dichlorobenzene-ka isku-dhafka ah wuxuu qaataa habka adsorption iyo kala-soocidda, iyadoo la adeegsanayo shaandho molecular sida adsorbent, iyo marxaladda gaaska isku dhafan ee dichlorobenzene waxay gashaa munaaradda xayeysiinta, kaas oo si door ah u adsorb kara p-dichlorobenzene, dareeraha haraaga ah waa meta iyo ortho dichlorobenzene.Sixitaanka si loo helo m-dichlorobenzene iyo o-dichlorobenzene.Heerkulka adsorption waa 180-200 ° C, cadaadiska adsorption waa cadaadis caadi ah.

1. Habka diazotization Meta-phenylenediamine: Meta-phenylenediamine waxaa lagu diazotized joogitaanka sodium nitrite iyo sulfuric acid, heerkulka diazotization waa 0～5℃, dareeraha diazonium waa hydrolyzed joogitaanka chloride cuprous si ay u soo saaraan intercalation.Dichlorobenzene.

2. Habka Meta-chloroaniline: Isticmaalka meta-chloroaniline sida alaabta ceeriin, diazotization waxaa lagu fuliyaa joogitaanka sodium nitrite iyo hydrochloric acid, iyo dareeraha diazonium waa hydrolyzed joogitaanka koloride koobrous si ay u abuuraan meta-dichlorobenzene.

Mid ka mid ah hababka diyaarinta ee dhowr ah ee kor ku xusan, habka ugu habboon ee warshadaynta iyo kharashka hoose waa habka kala-soocidda ee dichlorobenzene isku dhafan.Waxaa horeba u jiray tas-hiilaad wax-soo-saar oo Shiinaha ku yaalla.

Ujeedada ugu weyn:

1. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa isku-dhafka dabiiciga ah.Falcelinta Friedel-Crafts ee u dhaxaysa m-dichlorobenzene iyo chloroacetyl chloride waxay soo saartaa 2,4, ω-trichloroacetophenone, taas oo loo isticmaalo dhexdhexaadinta daawada fangas ballaaran ee miconazole.Falcelinta koloriinta waxaa lagu fuliyaa joogitaanka ferric chloride ama aluminium meerkuri, inta badan soo saarta 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene.Iyadoo ay jirto wax-qabad, waxaa lagu shubaa 550-850 ° C si loo dhaliyo m-chlorophenol iyo resorcinol.Isticmaalka oksijiinta naxaasta ah ee kicinta ah, waxay la falgashaa ammonia xoogga leh 150-200 ° C cadaadis si ay u dhaliso m-phenylenediamine.
2. Loo isticmaalo wax soo saarka dheeha, dhex-dhexaadinta isku-dhafka organic iyo dareerayaasha.

Xogta sunta ah:

1. Sunta daran: mouse intraperitoneal LD50: 1062mg/kg, wax tafaasiil ah ma jiro marka laga reebo qiyaasta halista ah;

2. Xogta sunta ee qiyaasta qiyaasta badan: TDLo afka jiirka: 1470 mg / kg / 10D-I, isbeddelka miisaanka beerka-beerka, wadarta dheef-shiid kiimikaadka nafaqeynta, kalsiyum-enzyme xannibista, isbeddellada keenaya ama isbeddelka heerarka dhiigga ama unugyada-phosphatase;

Jiirka afka ee TDLo: 3330mg/kg/90D-I, isbeddellada endocrine, isbeddellada qaybaha serum ee dhiigga (sida polyphenols shaaha, bilirubin, kolesteroolka), xakamaynta biochemical-enzyme, kicinta ama beddelka dhiigga ama heerarka unugyada - fuuqbaxa isbeddelka Enzyme

3. Xogta mutagenicity: beddelka hidda-wadaha iyo dib-u-habaynta mitosis nidaamka Imtixaanka: Khamiirka-Saccharomyces cerevisiae: 5ppm;

Tijaabada Micronucleus IntraperitonealTEST nidaamka: jiirka-jiirka: 175mg/kg/24H.

4. Suntu wax yar bay ka hoosaysaa ta o-dichlorobenzene, waxaana laga nuugi karaa maqaarka iyo xuubka xabka.Waxay keeni kartaa dhaawac beerka iyo kelyaha ah.Heerarka urta ee urta waa 0.2mg/L (tayada biyaha).

5. Sunta daran LD50: 1062mg/kg (jiirka xididka);1062mg/kg (jiirka caloosha caloosha)

6. Irritant War la'aan

7. Isbeddelka hiddaha mutagenic iyo dib-u-habaynta mitotic: Saccharomyces cerevisiae 5ppm.Tijaabada Micronucleus: maamulka intraperitoneal ee 175mg/kg (24h) ee jiirarka

8. Kansarka IARC dib u eegista kansarka: Kooxda 3, caddaymaha jira ma kala saari karaan kansarka aadanaha.